Exploring the NCS-382 Scaffold for CaMKIIα Modulation: Synthesis, Biochemical Pharmacology, and Biophysical Characterization of Ph-HTBA as a Novel High-Affinity Brain-Penetrant Stabilizer of the CaMKIIα Hub Domain

J Med Chem. 2022 Nov 24;65(22):15066-15084. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00805. Epub 2022 Nov 8.

Abstract

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMKIIα) is a brain-relevant kinase and an emerging drug target for ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative disorders. Despite reported CaMKIIα inhibitors, their usefulness is limited by low subtype selectivity and brain permeability. (E)-2-(5-Hydroxy-5,7,8,9-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[7]annulen-6-ylidene)acetic acid (NCS-382) is structurally related to the proposed neuromodulator, γ-hydroxybutyric acid, and is a brain-penetrating high nanomolar-affinity ligand selective for the CaMKIIα hub domain. Herein, we report the first series of NCS-382 analogs displaying improved affinity and preserved brain permeability. Specifically, we present Ph-HTBA (1i) with enhanced mid-nanomolar affinity for the CaMKIIα binding site and a marked hub thermal stabilization effect along with a distinct CaMKIIα Trp403 flip upon binding. Moreover, Ph-HTBA has good cellular permeability and low microsomal clearance and shows brain permeability after systemic administration to mice, signified by a high Kp, uu value (0.85). Altogether, our study highlights Ph-HTBA as a promising candidate for CaMKIIα-associated pharmacological interventions and future clinical development.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzocycloheptenes* / pharmacology
  • Binding Sites
  • Brain* / metabolism
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Mice
  • Protein Binding

Substances

  • Benzocycloheptenes
  • NCS 382
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2